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Writer's pictureRobert Munene

Nominal GDP vs Real GDP.

Updated: Jul 21, 2023

Introduction.

GDP is a measure of the total market value of all final goods and services produced within a country in a specific period. Nominal GDP is a nominal measure of output, that is, it does not take account of inflation or deflation. Nominal GDP can be thought of as being equivalent to real GDP if there are no changes in prices over time. However, nominal GDP does not always reflect the amount of consumer spending on goods or services because consumers may hold back some purchases until needed or spend more than they originally planned due to price increases over time.


What is Nominal GDP?

Nominal GDP is the total value of all final goods and services produced in a country during a given period of time. In other words, nominal GDP measures how much money changes hands within the economy. It's measured in current prices and usually used as an indicator of an economy's size or health.

  • The value (or price) of each good sold reflects its production costs plus any amount that was needed to produce it; this includes wages paid to employees who made it themselves as well as materials needed for its creation/production process

  • Changes in real disposable income reflect changes in incomes from wages, profits from business activities such as selling products or renting property etc., dividends received from stocks owned by individuals or corporations etc.; interest payments made on debt incurred during periods when interest rates were higher than those currently charged by lenders

How to calculate Nominal GDP.

Nominal GDP is the total market value of all final goods and services produced in an economy during a given time period. It's calculated by adding up all final goods and services produced, then subtracting any intermediate goods that are used up before they can be sold. The result is nominal GDP, which represents how much money there would be if everyone had unlimited access to all resources on Earth at their disposal.

For example: A country produces 100 units of wheat at a price equal to $1 per unit. This means its real GDP equals $100 (equal to 100 units multiplied by one dollar per unit). However, when we look at this same country's nominal GDP—the total amount of money spent on these goods—we see that it only costs 50 cents each ($50 x 100 = 5000). That means our imaginary farmer has made 50% more money than he could have made if he'd just been paid out in cash instead.


What is Real GDP?

Real GDP is the total value of all final goods and services produced within a country in a given year, adjusted for inflation. It can be measured as an index number, that is, the growth or decline from one period to another.


How to calculate Real GDP.

The Real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is a measure of the value of all goods and services produced in an economy, adjusted for inflation. It's calculated by dividing nominal GDP by price deflator.

GDP Deflator : What is GDP inflator?

The GDP deflator is the inflation rate used to calculate real GDP growth. It measures how much prices have risen over time and it accounts for changes in consumer demand, business investment and government spending.


How to calculate GDP Deflator.

The following is the GDP price deflator formular:

GDP Price Deflator = (Nominal GDP ÷ Real GDP) × 100


Nominal GDP vs Real GDP.

Now we go head to head, Nominal GDP vs Real GDP. The nominal GDP is a better indicator of economic health than real GDP, because it accounts for inflation. Real GDP measures how much money people have in their wallets after they pay taxes on things like wages, sales and business profits. This is important because it allows us to see how much money our economy is really making at any given time (and thus how well our government can support its citizens).

However, there's one problem with using nominal data: it doesn't account for inflation at all. When prices go up over time, this means that actual amounts of goods sold or services provided don't keep up with those same prices, the value per unit has gone down relative to what was originally bought/served/made (inflation).


Conclusion.

As we have seen in this article, the difference between nominal and real GDP is an important concept. It’s important to understand how these two numbers differ and why they need to be taken into consideration when making decisions about your business.

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